DNA Tumor

Neha Biradar,
Molecular Biology,
Science Club RSML.
April 28th, 2021.

Introduction:

DNA neoplasm viruses are central to several branches of molecular and cellular

biology. This very different group of viruses attacks ordinary cellular pathways, making them powerful tools for understanding how several complex pathways are integrated. In the last 50 years, our understanding of genes and cells has revolutionized. Particularly polyomavirus, papillomavirus, and adenovirus played an external role in this revolution in the study of small DNA tumor viruses. DNA virus studies have identified viral virus genes that cause cancer and paved the way for our current understanding of cancer at the molecular level. Not only do tumor viruses have an important role in the cause of cancer but it has a critical role in cancer. 

DNA Tumor Viruses and their regulations of apoptosis. Their apoptosis process of

programmed cell death. It is used during pre-development to eliminate unneeded cells. Many DNA tumor viruses encode the product that is positive or negative type regulate apoptosis.DNA Tumor viruses replication depends on the host cell DNA synthesis, the virus should benefit by inhibiting the death of the host cell. DNA tumor viruses already have a DNA genome that transcribes and convert into RNA, again RNA converts into protein. These tumor viruses affect the specific region in the host cell.it causes tumors because transcription occurs at specific sites. It may cause a disease like cancer (in humans almost 15%), tumors also occur in some cases of plants. The DNA Tumor virus comprises many types of pathogens like herpes viruses, smallpox viruses, adenoviruses, etc. 

Effect:

Cancer requires the deregulation of multiple cell-signaling pathways that control fundamental cellular processes like death, proliferation, differentiation, and migration. The biological pathways that affect cancer are more complex and interwoven. Globally, it's evaluated that 15%–20% of all cancers are associated with oncogenic viruses. However, maximum virus infections don't cause tumor formation; other factors influence the event from virus infection to cancer development. A variety of these factors involve the host’s genetic makeup, mutation prevalence, exposure to cancer-causing agents, and immune impairment. 

At first, viruses were believed to be the first agents of cancers just in animals. It had been nearly half a century before the first human virus, human tumor viruses were associated. The standard cell is transformed into a somatic cell on determination infection, any by integrating 

or retaining its genome as an extrachromosomal structure. The infected cells are controlled by the viral genes, which have the facility to drive the weird growth. The virally infected cells are any eliminated via cell-mediated apoptosis or they react in an exceeding state of chronic infection. Essentially, the chronic persistence of infection by tumor viruses can affect oncogenesis.

References

Cell and molecular biology online. (1997). Trends in Microbiology, 5(5), 183. DiMaio, D. (2019).

Small size, big impact: how studies of small DNA tumor viruses revolutionized biology. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 374(1773), 20180300. 

DNA and RNA Tumor Viruses. (n.d.). Microbiology Book.  

Tumor Viruses | Blossom Damania | Springer. (n.d.). Springer. 

Mechanisms of DNA Tumor Virus Transformation - Table of Contents - Karger Publishers. (n.d.). Karger Publishers. 

Mushtaq, M. (2016, February 29).

DNA Tumor Viruses and Cell Metabolism. Hindawi.